Tuesday, September 30, 2008

Secularism: Friend or Foe

This week I decided to explore the blogosphere under the theme of laicism. Laicism is a concept brought to Turkish vocabulary by Mustafa Kemal Ataturk (see Figure 1), the founding father of the modern Turkish Republic. It means the state and religion should exist separately, basically it is a synonym of secularism, and this concept is the most important factor one should look for in the politics of the government in Turkey. Therefore the first blog that caught my attention, "The White Path" ,written by Mustafa Akyol, was about secularism and his clashing views with the secular thinkers of Turkey. Mustafa Akyol is a highly educated journalist, who’s views are in favor with the current government. If his motives are analyzed it is clear that he is opposed to secularism. I specifically chose this blog because it clashes with my opinions, and I think challenging oneself is a way to self improvement. The second blog I chose to comment on is called “The Istanbulian.” It is written by Emre Kizilkaya, also a journalist, who has the opposite views on the government that those of Mustafa Akyol. He is known for his bashing of the government, more specifically AKP (the ruling party, called the Justice and Development Party.) His views are more similar to my own. I think that the balance of opposing views will persuade one to analyze both sides of the debate. Although the issues of both blogs are not related in context they share the same theme; secularism. Kizilkaya’s post mentions PETA’s letter recently sent to the mayor of Istanbul, which has caused quite a stir in domestic politics due to the fact that it was very provocative.






"Turkey Is Getting More Secular, Not Religious"
Comment:
Mr Akyol,
The main ingredient of a good scholar is objectiveness, and perspective. Thus I will try my best to be a scholar of such merit while analyzing your blog post “ Turkey Is Getting More Secular, Not Religious.” However we do have contrasting argument even though the origins of thought are the same. For example we both agree that the turmoil and instability in Turkey is a major concern for both the-as you define myself-“urban secularists,” and -as I define yourself “Islamic fundamentalists.” Our common ground set the basis of argument.
This is where we differ; you think that Turkey is progressing to a more secular social stance, basing your argument on “objective” social research. I cannot locate your sources, therefore trust your argument, but I will present a few points. I respect the fact that you have analyzed the situation, and gathered data, although the accuracy and reliability is a question, on the shifting concept of religion. To one extent I do agree with you; the rural parts of Turkey have not been subject to major change since AKP has come to power. This coming from a very realistic perspective I would like to ask the reason that you, a respected author, do not bring up the major question: Why has Turkey not been able to undergo major developments and changes, without loosing the concept of national identity and Ataturk's idea of secularism? Why is secularism seen to be such a threat, when it is clear that religion in state affairs is just disrupting and corrupting the pureness of religion? I have a problem with the fact that no one who has the power, and connections to reach to an audience, does not use this as an advantage. This is also the main problem that me and my fellow "urban secularists" have.
Mr. Akyol, I agree with you that before AKP, the rural Turkey, has not been so modern, but that is the result of politicians not being able to follow the reasoning and values of Mustafa Kemal Ataturk. I believe we are all to blame for this mess, and hopefully in the future we shall peacefully co-exist.
As I have stated before, objectivity is what makes a scholar. As long as you shall write, I shall read your opinions with an open mind. I know this is crucial because I also write a blog myself; http://aylinececicek.blogspot.com/.


"PETA's XXX Letter To Istanbul Mayor "
Comment:
Mr. Kizilkaya,
While reading your post titled “PETA's XXX Letter To Istanbul Mayor “ I realized that the international community is rather oblivious to the real Turkey. I would have expected PETA to be more sensible about the letter, keeping in mind that the government nowadays is quite religious. This strategy is clearly based on attention seeking, and although the message is an important one; the issue of stray animals that should be neutered, I see that the nude image of Jenna Jameson, has taken precedence over the real issue. I must say in all simplicity, their approach is not the way to resolve this issue , and PETA’s strategy is politically offending. Their approach is an indicator that PETA does not have enough information about the structure of the political mechanism that exists in Turkey. An international organization of such merit should be able to gather sufficient data and analyze the correct way to approach officials, in order to be affective.
Looking at the bigger picture, it is seen that PETA is only one of the organizations that do not know how to approach governments of countries other that the United States of America. Although there is a small fault in the government’s portrayal of identity to the international community, I think that the majority flaw is of PETA’s. However it is crucial for them to be able to change their methods in order to be affective, because their cause is clearly a good, humanitarian one. The world is in desperation for good causes that raise awareness to issues that impact everyone. Even the slightest improvement matters to those in need, and that is why I decided to write my own blog; http://aylinececicek.blogspot.com/.

6 comments:

Internation Musing said...

Laicism is indeed a strict seperation of state and church, but neither one of them should rule over the other, that's secularism, succes with your blog
hans

Kim Nga Nguyen said...

Firstly, I would like to say thank you for your intriguing post. Most of the issues you present in your blog are not widely paid attention to within everyday society, so reading about the events of different countries and the issues they face is highly significant. Particularly in America, where we tend to be more closed-minded to the rest of the world, I find that your issues are highly relevant and very enlightening. I can see from your language and your overall blog that you are very passionate about these issues. At the opening of your blog, the brief summary of the issue brought to light the circumstances and simplified the both sides of the debate in a very concise fashion. I very much like your professional tone when you first and foremost address that the “main ingredient of a good scholar is objectiveness.” In addition to this, your posing of direct questions focuses your argument and presents your points to the alternative blogger. Your particular honesty in stating the questions and the issues as they are gives you a stronger sense of credibility, particularly when you boldly state that you “would have expected PETA to be more sensible about the letter, keeping in mind that the government nowadays is quite religious.” You make an excellent point in addressing that “PETA is only one of the organizations that do not know how to approach governments of other countries other than that of the United States of America,” which makes me think twice about world issues and, once again, about how oblivious and closed-minded America truly is.

In terms of your argument, I feel as though you have very strong and powerful points that make your opinions very clear to the writer. I personally feel as though a strengthening point in your post, particularly in the first post, would have been a stronger suggestion of the advantages to secularism to the government, religion and the nation and perhaps any examples that would have demonstrated such points. However, other than that issue, I feel as though your post is very intriguing, highly relevant, and an issue of particular interest to an underrated and underlying problem in American society.

Anonymous said...

In Turkey there can be no mere separation of state and religion. If one says the Turkish democratic system is like this it suggests that person doesn't really understand the country's founding principles.

In Turkey, there is to be absolutely no interference from Islam as a religion in public or politics, no sheria, no headscarf, and nothing of the sort! Not in university and not in the street.

This means supremacy of the state over religion!

However, after all the Islamist concessions of Atatürk's successive governments, Atatürk's promising country is turning into an Islamist country with no future!

Turkish people should understand that "Modern Islam" (influenced by satanic doctrines such as Wahhabism, Hanbalism etc) has replaced the Islamic Civilization and destroyed the Ottoman Empire of which it infiltrated the highest echelons.
And that within a Laik system, the part of Turkey' heritage that comes from the Islamic Civilization can perfectly be taught to youth as a secular culture part of the National Identity. They'll be more cultured and Islamic then Islamists can ever be.

I'd like to end with this recommendation:
A most insightful person on the matter of original Turkish Laicism I have found is M. Orhan Tarhan, whose father was even a classmate of Atatürk. If you do not know him, I warmly recommend that you check out his his letters on American Chronicle and articles on Atatürk Society of America.

Deniz

Mostafa said...

There is no doubt that Ataturk and his principles are to be revered in the highest regard. I believe that his model for liberty and modernization is one that should be emulated by Middle Eastern nations. What I admire about Ataturk is his revolutionary idealism that truly led to the modernization of Turkey. His pragmatism was what led Turkey to triumph against all odds.

After reading the Crescent and Star, an excellent book about Turkey's modern history, I was left with the notion that extreme Kemalism may actually deter Turkey's progress. Sure, Kemalists may advocate Ataturk's unquestionable principles, yet I don't think that Ataturk himself would have consented these principles if they were to hinder Turkey's progress. Well, the fact of the matter is that some Kemalists secular principles are hindering this progress. How can one justify forbidding students from accessing knowledge due to a headscarf? How does one seek to impeach a government because of its "Islamist" orientation even though that has led to unprecedented economic growth and has led Turkey to become of the fastest growing economies in Turkey. For that matter, what's wrong with Islam in the political realm? Obviously you don't want an oppressive regime like the Taliban, but in a country like Turkey where literacy rates are phenomenally high, I believe that the masses are in their right state of mind to elect who they please. Let popular sovereignty prevail. If the popular vote is for secularism, let it be, if it is Islamism, let it be.

I just find it a tad bit Ironic that in a revolutionary nation like Turkey, where pragmatism is what lifted high, the ideologies of the past are coming to haunt the future. It seems like deja vu. It believe that if Kemalism holds tightly to its old values, you will have another model of revolutionary Cuba in Turkey. Please feel free to rebut my argument as you see fit.

Sincerely,

Mostafa

Aylin Ece Cicek said...

Mostafa,
Thank you for your time and thoughts. New opinions are always greatly welcomed.
First of all you bring up a valid point when you state "How can one justify forbidding students from accessing knowledge due to a headscarf? How does one seek to impeach a government because of its "Islamist" orientation even though that has led to unprecedented economic growth and has led Turkey to become of the fastest growing economies in Turkey. For that matter, what's wrong with Islam in the political realm?" What I think is that forbidding the headscarf in universities is not something that a modern and secular country should do. However the equation changes when the current circumstances in Turkey decide to participate. As an individual who has lived in Turkey, I can only say that this issue is more emotional than ideological. It is my observation that the headscarf issue is making some of us feel as if Ataturk's values are being forgotten. Sadly, that is not the case. Actually it is nowhere close. Ataturk would have given freedom to everyone who seeked education.
Moreover, I think that there is a lack of understanding in my country. My citizens do not understand Mustafa Kemal, nor do they try to. They base their decisions on what they have heard. They do not do research nor do they weigh the situation.
Lastly, I too agree that "The Cresent and Star" brings up challenging arguments about Kemalism and its impacts on modern day Turkey. However, if it was not for Mustafa Kemal Ataturk and his leadership, Turkey would not be a free country, nor would I be able to express myself today.
All in all, I think that understanding Mustafa Kemal ATATURK, is not as easy as one might assume. And I think that none of us have fully grasped him yet.
Again, thank you for your opinions.
Best,
AEC

Aylin Ece Cicek said...

And I forgot to mention one very important fact. Mustafa Kemal ATATURK was not a democratic leader. He was an authoritarian leader and a man of enlightenment.
Yes, the two can co-exist.

 
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